Vietnam uninterrupted: a twenty-year journey
Mar 18, 2024
Vietnam uninterrupted: a twenty-year journey Review Vietnam’s long-term trends and how consumer
Vietnam PMI April 2024 – manufacturing purchasing managers index
Cimigo Vietnam market research has collected the Vietnam PMI – manufacturing purchasing managers index since 2013. S&P Global compiles the Vietnam PMI S&P Global from responses to monthly questionnaires sent to purchasing managers in a panel of around 400 manufacturers.
The Vietnamese manufacturing sector returned to growth in April as a solid expansion in new orders fed through to a renewed increase in production. Firms scaled back employment, however, and business confidence waned. Meanwhile, input costs continued to rise, but at a relatively muted pace. This enabled manufacturers to offer discounts to their customers again in an effort to attract new business.
The S&P Global Vietnam Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index™ (PMI®) rose back above the 50.0 nochange mark in April, posting 50.3 from 49.9 in March. The reading signalled a marginal improvement in the health of the sector, the third time in the past four months in which this has been the case.
The main positive from the latest survey was a rebound in new orders, which increased solidly following a fractional decline in the previous month. Moreover, the rate of expansion was the fastest since August 2022. Panellists reported improvements in market demand and success in securing new customers.
New export orders also returned to growth, but the latest rise was only marginal and softer than that seen for total new business.
Also helping manufacturers to register a rise in new orders was a second successive monthly reduction in selling prices amid efforts to price competitively and respond to requests from clients for discounts. The latest decrease in charges was the most marked in nine months.
Firms carried out price discounting in spite of a further increase in input costs, but the rate of input price inflation was relatively muted, thereby providing some space for firms to lower charges without incurring too much pressure on margins. Where input costs increased, panellists often mentioned higher oil and shipping prices. There were also some reports of rising sugar costs.
The solid expansion in new orders helped lead to a return to growth of manufacturing production in Vietnam. That said, the rate of expansion was only marginal. Despite the pick-up in new orders and output in April, recent muted demand conditions led firms to scale back employment for the first time in three months, often reflecting the release of temporary workers.
That said, coming at a time when new orders rebounded, the reduction in staffing levels meant that firms found it harder to complete orders on time. As a result, backlogs of work increased for the first time in three months, albeit marginally. Purchasing activity increased for the first time in six months in response to higher new orders, but the rate of expansion was only slight amid a reluctance among firms to hold inventories. In fact, stocks of purchases decreased solidly again, extending the current sequence of depletion to eight months.
Stocks of finished goods also decreased, in part reflecting the need to satisfy the solid increase in new orders at a time of still muted production. The pace of reduction softened from that seen in March. Suppliers’ delivery times were unchanged in April, thereby ending a three-month sequence of lengthening lead times. Some firms indicated that stock holdings at suppliers were sufficient to help them speed up deliveries.
Recent market instability led to a drop in confidence, with sentiment down to a three-month low. That said, hopes for a more stable and positive demand environment in the months ahead supported optimism that output will increase over the coming year.
Approach
The S&P Global Vietnam Manufacturing PMI® is compiled by S&P Global from responses to monthly questionnaires sent to purchasing managers in a panel of around 400 manufacturers. The panel is stratified by detailed sector and company workforce size, based on contributions to GDP.
Survey responses are collected by Cimigo Vietnam in the second half of each month and indicate the direction of change compared to the previous month. A diffusion index is calculated for each survey variable. The index is the sum of the percentage of ‘higher’ responses and half the percentage of ‘unchanged’ responses.
The indices vary between 0 and 100, with a reading above 50 indicating an overall increase compared to the previous month, and below 50 an overall decrease. The indices are then seasonally adjusted.
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